Nancy,

 

Here is the way he explained the three items in question. He claims that the flagmen, slip form move in, and HMAC costs are direct from his subs.

 

He mentioned in his letter that the flagmen cost was for 8 days. With his price, that would equate to $625 a day for flaggers. I think this price is inflated but if not, I think I might
become a flagger. He claims this price is already discounted from his direct cost from his sub.

 

If the paving operations required an additional move-in on top of what was shown in the original TCP plan, I can see the need for additional compensation to pay for moving the equipment.
I have asked Andy several times how many move-ins were originally bid compared to what will actually happen and have gotten no response.

 

On the HMAC move-in item, he claims his HMAC crew still needs 2 separate move ins to complete their work. The additional compensation is to pay for the two move-ins since 80% of their
fee was taken away. The final price is $30155 to lay 295 SY of 8" asphalt. Seems a little steep to me but I don't know what his direct cost for the move-ins from the sub is.

 

The other items that are quantifiable have never been a problem and have been accepted as needed for the change. I just still don't feel completely comfortable with these three. That
being said, I don't know how much more we can get out of him since he is already being very difficult about the bonus time. 

 

One area we might be able to get some extra savings would be the water line lowerings. I got him to come off of his $11,000 price per each by noting that the specs did not specify a
size for the lowerings. We also noted several locations in the storm profiles that the 12" might need to be lowered so they should have been anticipated. The only additional compensation
should be for handling the AC pipe not pipe size. He offered a compromise to pay for everything but the couplings and the difference between 2-8"-45 degree bends and 2-12"-45 degree
bends which is reflected in the current change order. If you do not agree to pay for the difference in bend size that would save about $1800 per lowering.

 

As of now he has requested to have 2 days for the water line lowerings and 1 for the Bilco lid work which would give us a -3 for this change order. He has not requested any additional
days for the sign or additional concrete work as of now. Please let me know if you need anything else.

 

 

Michael Barbier, P.E.

Civil Engineer

 

	

	
HALFF ASSOCIATES, INC.

1201 North Bowser Road

Richardson, Texas 75081

Phone 214-217-6643

Fax 214-739-0095

www.halff.com

	 

	

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From: Nancy Cline [mailto:ncline@addisontx.gov] 
Sent: Thursday, June 23, 2011 3:23 PM
To: Barbier, Michael; Barnett, Clay
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Do you think the $38,000 is representative?  I wish there was something more tangible to quantify the move-in costs other than estimated round numbers.   How many days does he want for
the work?

 

From: Barbier, Michael [mailto:mBarbier@Halff.com] 
Sent: Thursday, June 23, 2011 7:56 AM
To: Clay Barnett
Cc: Nancy Cline
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Clay,

 

I have attached the updated cost estimates. The only items we still need pricing on are a few planting items for the sign. Andy will be at the meeting today. I believe the main issue
he will want to discuss is the determination of final contract time that I mentioned below. Please let me know if you have any questions or need anything else before the meeting.

Thank you,

 

 

Michael Barbier, P.E.

Civil Engineer

 

	

	
HALFF ASSOCIATES, INC.

1201 North Bowser Road

Richardson, Texas 75081

Phone 214-217-6643

Fax 214-739-0095

www.halff.com

	 

	

 

 

 

From: Clay Barnett [mailto:cbarnett@addisontx.gov] 
Sent: Wednesday, June 22, 2011 5:01 PM
To: Barbier, Michael
Cc: Cline, Nancy S.
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Michael,

 

Could you add 114 lf of silt fence to Item 2.7 in Change Order 2.2?  It is to correct a mistake that Bruce Dunne made in the last change order.

 

Thanks,

Clay Barnett, P.E.

Town Engineer

Town of Addison

16801 Westgrove Drive

Addison, TX 75001-2818

Office: (972) 450-2857

 <http://www.addisongreen.info/> 

 

From: Barbier, Michael [mailto:mBarbier@Halff.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, June 21, 2011 1:46 PM
To: Nancy Cline
Cc: Clay Barnett
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Nancy,

 

I spoke with Andy this morning and got him to come off of his prices a little bit more. I have attached the current change orders including all changes since the first change order.
As of now, we are getting a $38,798.50 credit from the temp asphalt change and paying $5,300 extra for the 2.5 line lowerings on the 12" AC line instead of $10,522 as Andy proposed in
his e-mail yesterday. I am still waiting on final pricing for the Bilco Lid and lighting/planting for the Vitruvian sign. Please let me know if these new prices are acceptable or if
I need to go back to Andy to get more. 

 

One item we need to discuss in the meeting this week is the exact date that will be counted from for the bonus calculation at the end of the project. I know Clay had mentioned having
split schedules now with Vitruvian having 14 days added at the last change order. We need make sure everyone knows how this will work when calculating the bonus days.

 

Let me know if you have any questions.

 

 

Michael Barbier, P.E.

Civil Engineer

 

	

	
HALFF ASSOCIATES, INC.

1201 North Bowser Road

Richardson, Texas 75081

Phone 214-217-6643

Fax 214-739-0095

www.halff.com

	 

	

 

 

 

 

 

From: Andrew Nord [mailto:anord@ntexcon.com] 
Sent: Tuesday, June 21, 2011 9:27 AM
To: Barbier, Michael
Cc: Cline, Nancy S.; 'Zack Fusilier'
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Michael

 

I understand what you are saying and what the specs / contract says with regards to speeding up and the contractor absorbing the cost, however, in this instance the removal of the temp
asphalt and the change in phasing was done in part to save the Town a substantial amount of money on this project.  In this change, we deleted an item worth $84,000 which in turn meant,
in order to make the phasing work, things had to be moved and other items had to be altered to allow for this savings.  These changes and alterations cost time and money and moving the
heavy paving equipment in is a costly expense.  I think that the intent of the spec you have quoted is to cover extra overtime pay, added barricades and other increases without changing
the actual design, phasing or coordination of the project.  In this instance, the phasing and design of the road was dramatically altered in part to save time, but also to save the Town
a significant amount of money, which would lead me to claim a change of conditions.  This change in conditions caused for our paving sub-contractor to have to add a mobilization for
their paving equipment and add man power to flag traffic around their machine that was not in the original design (phasing).  I can eliminate NTC’s markup (15%) on these items which
would take these two items to $6475.00  and $7500.00 respectively but I cannot agree to eliminate these entirely when they are due to a change and not simply “speeding up”.  

 

As for the pricing of the standard 12” water line lowering, all of the pricing would be the same as what was submitted, except the 2 special couplings would be removed ($2880 Total x
1.10 markup) and the remove and dispose of asbestos coated pipe would also be removed ($340).  That would give a total difference of -$3508 and a total cost of a 12” water line lowering
to be approximately $8000.

 

Please give me a call to discuss these items

 

Andy Nord

Cell: 817.819.4117

Email:  anord@ntexcon.com

 

From: Barbier, Michael [mailto:mBarbier@Halff.com] 
Sent: Monday, June 20, 2011 2:54 PM
To: Andrew Nord
Cc: Cline, Nancy S.
Subject: RE: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Andy,

 

After discussing your change order request with Nancy, we have a few comments that would get us much closer to finalizing this issue if accepted.

 

Temporary Asphalt 

Our concerns still involve the lump sum items. This change was made to accelerate construction and is subject to SP-22 from the project spec book which states " any and all costs or
impacts whatsoever incurred by the Contractor in accelerating the Contractor’s work to overcome or absorb such delays or events in an effort to complete the Contract prior to expiration
of the Original Contract Time, regardless of whether the Contractor successfully does so or not, shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor in every instance". The specific items
that we believe should be taken out due to this provision are "Flagmen for Paving Operation/Impact" and "Added Move In/Adjust For Slip Form Paver". The town is willing to accept the
other lump sum item "Increase Cost For HMAC Items/Move Ins" to comply with SP-18 from the project spec book "When the quantity of the work to be done or materials to be furnished under
any major pay item of the contact is less than 75% of the quantity stated in the contract, whether stated by Town of Addison or by Contractor, then either party to the contract, upon
demand, shall be entitled to negotiate for revised consideration on the portion of work below 75% of the quantity stated in the contract". I have attached a markup of the revised change
order request with these changes shown.

 

Water Lowerings

I would like to request pricing for a 12" PVC water line lowering to compare to your 12" AC lowering. The specs did specify the lowerings would be PVC, but they did not specify a size.
Possible locations to lower the 12" water line were shown on the storm lateral profiles and should have been accounted for in the original bid. The only additional compensation that
should be required would be for dealing with the AC line instead of PVC. All other items including thrust blocking, crew days, trench safety, and spoils haul off would have been needed
for any lowering regardless of pipe material.

 

Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions.

 

 

Michael Barbier, P.E.

Civil Engineer

 

	

	
HALFF ASSOCIATES, INC.

1201 North Bowser Road

Richardson, Texas 75081

Phone 214-217-6643

Fax 214-739-0095

www.halff.com

	 

	

 

 

 

 

 

From: Andrew Nord [mailto:anord@ntexcon.com] 
Sent: Monday, June 20, 2011 6:27 AM
To: Cline, Nancy S.
Cc: Barnett, Clay; 'Josh Hodsdon'; Barbier, Michael; 'Zack Fusilier'
Subject: Spring Valley Road Widening

 

Nancy / Clay

 

Attached to this email are the change order letters for the Deletion of Temp Asphalt and the 12” Water Line Lowerings as well as the back-up for each.  Please note that we have altered
the pricing on these (in the Town’s favor) to try and make these even better for you guys and get this stuff behind us.  Please let me know if you have any questions on these.  I am
also attaching to this email the Over-time Charges that the City of Farmers Branch is hitting us with for when we did the water line lowerings.  Please let me know how you would like
to handle these.  If you can get them to waive these fees, great, but if we need to pay them, we would ask that these fees be added to this change order.

Thanks again

 

Andy 

 

Andrew D. Nord

North Texas Contracting | Estimator

4999 Keller Haslet Rd.

Keller, TX 76248

 

Phone:  817.430.9500

Fax:  817.430.9207

Cell:  817.819.4117

 

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牯൤䌊㩣䌠楬敮‬慎据⁹⹓਍畓橢捥㩴删㩅匠牰湩⁧慖汬祥删慯⁤楗敤楮杮਍਍ഠഊ䄊摮ⱹ਍਍ഠഊ䄊瑦牥搠獩畣獳湩⁧潹牵挠慨杮⁥牯敤⁲敲畱獥⁴楷桴丠湡祣‬敷栠癡⁥⁡敦⁷潣浭湥獴琠慨⁴潷汵⁤敧⁴獵洠捵⁨汣獯牥琠楦慮楬楺杮琠楨⁳獩畳⁥晩愠捣灥整⹤਍਍ഠഊ吊浥潰慲祲䄠灳慨瑬ഠഊ伊牵挠湯散湲⁳瑳汩湩潶癬⁥桴⁥畬灭猠浵椠整獭‮桔獩挠慨杮⁥慷⁳慭敤琠捡散敬慲整挠湯瑳畲瑣潩湡⁤獩猠扵敪瑣琠偓㈭′牦浯琠敨瀠潲敪
瑣猠数⁣潢歯眠楨档猠慴整⁳•湡⁹湡⁤污潣瑳⁳牯椠灭捡獴眠慨獴敯敶⁲湩畣牲摥戠⁹桴⁥潃瑮慲瑣牯椠捡散敬慲楴杮琠敨䌠湯牴捡潴鉲⁳潷歲琠癯牥潣敭漠⁲扡潳扲猠捵⁨敤慬獹漠⁲癥湥獴椠湡攠晦牯⁴潴挠浯汰瑥⁥桴⁥潃瑮慲瑣瀠楲牯琠硥楰慲楴湯漠⁦桴⁥牏杩湩污䌠湯牴捡⁴楔敭‬敲慧摲敬獳漠⁦桷瑥敨⁲桴⁥潃瑮慲瑣牯猠捵散獳畦汬⁹潤獥猠牯渠瑯‬桳污敢琠敨猠汯⁥敲灳湯楳楢楬祴漠⁦桴⁥潃瑮慲瑣牯椠癥牥⁹湩瑳湡
散⸢吠敨猠数楣楦⁣瑩浥⁳桴瑡眠⁥敢楬癥⁥桳畯摬戠⁥慴敫畯⁴畤⁥潴琠楨⁳牰癯獩潩牡⁥䘢慬浧湥映牯倠癡湩⁧灏牥瑡潩⽮浉慰瑣•湡⁤䄢摤摥䴠癯⁥湉䄯橤獵⁴潆⁲汓灩䘠牯慐敶≲‮桔⁥潴湷椠⁳楷汬湩⁧潴愠捣灥⁴桴⁥瑯敨⁲畬灭猠浵椠整䤢据敲獡⁥潃瑳䘠牯䠠䅍⁃瑉浥⽳潍敶䤠獮•潴挠浯汰⁹楷桴匠ⵐ㠱映潲桴⁥牰橯捥⁴灳捥戠潯圢敨桴⁥畱湡楴祴漠⁦桴⁥潷歲琠敢搠湯⁥牯洠瑡牥慩獬琠敢映牵楮桳摥甠摮牥愠祮洠橡
牯瀠祡椠整景琠敨挠湯慴瑣椠⁳敬獳琠慨㔷‥景琠敨焠慵瑮瑩⁹瑳瑡摥椠桴⁥潣瑮慲瑣‬桷瑥敨⁲瑳瑡摥戠⁹潔湷漠⁦摁楤潳牯戠⁹潃瑮慲瑣牯‬桴湥攠瑩敨⁲慰瑲⁹潴琠敨挠湯牴捡ⱴ甠潰敤慭摮‬桳污敢攠瑮瑩敬⁤潴渠来瑯慩整映牯爠癥獩摥挠湯楳敤慲楴湯漠桴⁥潰瑲潩景眠牯敢潬⁷㔷‥景琠敨焠慵瑮瑩⁹瑳瑡摥椠桴⁥潣瑮慲瑣⸢䤠栠癡⁥瑡慴档摥愠洠牡畫⁰景琠敨爠癥獩摥挠慨杮⁥牯敤⁲敲畱獥⁴楷桴琠敨敳挠慨杮獥猠潨
湷മഊ ਍਍慗整⁲潌敷楲杮൳ഊ䤊眠畯摬氠歩⁥潴爠煥敵瑳瀠楲楣杮映牯愠ㄠ∲倠䍖眠瑡牥氠湩⁥潬敷楲杮琠潣灭牡⁥潴礠畯⁲㈱•䍁氠睯牥湩⹧吠敨猠数獣搠摩猠数楣祦琠敨氠睯牥湩獧眠畯摬戠⁥噐ⱃ戠瑵琠敨⁹楤⁤潮⁴灳捥晩⁹⁡楳敺‮潐獳扩敬氠捯瑡潩獮琠潬敷⁲桴⁥㈱•慷整⁲楬敮眠牥⁥桳睯湯琠敨猠潴浲氠瑡牥污瀠潲楦敬⁳湡⁤桳畯摬栠癡⁥敢湥愠捣畯瑮摥映牯椠桴⁥牯杩湩污戠摩‮桔⁥湯祬愠摤瑩潩慮潣灭湥慳楴湯琠慨⁴
桳畯摬戠⁥敲畱物摥眠畯摬戠⁥潦⁲敤污湩⁧楷桴琠敨䄠⁃楬敮椠獮整摡漠⁦噐⹃䄠汬漠桴牥椠整獭椠据畬楤杮琠牨獵⁴汢捯楫杮‬牣睥搠祡ⱳ琠敲据⁨慳敦祴‬湡⁤灳楯獬栠畡景⁦潷汵⁤慨敶戠敥敮摥摥映牯愠祮氠睯牥湩⁧敲慧摲敬獳漠⁦楰数洠瑡牥慩⹬਍਍ഠഊ倊敬獡⁥敦汥映敲⁥潴挠湯慴瑣洠⁥晩礠畯栠癡⁥湡⁹畱獥楴湯⹳਍਍ഠഊ ਍਍楍档敡慂扲敩Ⱳ倠䔮മഊ䌊癩汩䔠杮湩敥൲ഊ ਍਍ഉഊऊ਍䅈䙌⁆十体䥃呁卅‬义⹃਍਍㈱㄰丠
牯桴䈠睯敳⁲潒摡਍਍楒档牡獤湯‬敔慸⁳㔷㠰റഊ倊潨敮㈠㐱㈭㜱㘭㐶ളഊ䘊硡㈠㐱㜭㤳〭㤰വഊ眊睷栮污晦挮浯਍਍ ਍਍ഉഊ ਍਍ഠഊ ਍਍ഠഊ ਍਍牆浯›湁牤睥丠牯⁤浛楡瑬㩯湡牯䁤瑮硥潣⹮潣嵭ഠ匊湥㩴䴠湯慤ⱹ䨠湵⁥〲‬〲ㄱ㘠㈺‷䵁਍潔›汃湩ⱥ丠湡祣匠മ䌊㩣䈠牡敮瑴‬汃祡※䨧獯⁨潈獤潤❮※慂扲敩Ⱳ䴠捩慨汥※娧捡畆楳楬牥ധ匊扵敪瑣›灓楲杮嘠污敬⁹潒摡圠摩湥湩൧ഊ ਍਍慎据⁹ 汃祡਍਍ഠഊ䄊瑴捡敨⁤潴琠楨
⁳浥楡牡⁥桴⁥档湡敧漠摲牥氠瑥整獲映牯琠敨䐠汥瑥潩景吠浥⁰獁桰污⁴湡⁤桴⁥㈱ₔ慗整⁲楌敮䰠睯牥湩獧愠⁳敷汬愠⁳桴⁥慢正甭⁰潦⁲慥档‮倠敬獡⁥潮整琠慨⁴敷栠癡⁥污整敲⁤桴⁥牰捩湩⁧湯琠敨敳⠠湩琠敨吠睯鉮⁳慦潶⥲琠牴⁹湡⁤慭敫琠敨敳攠敶敢瑴牥映牯礠畯朠祵⁳湡⁤敧⁴桴獩猠畴晦戠桥湩⁤獵‮倠敬獡⁥敬⁴敭欠潮⁷晩礠畯栠癡⁥湡⁹畱獥楴湯⁳湯琠敨敳‮䤠愠污潳愠瑴捡楨杮琠桴獩攠慭汩琠敨传敶⵲楴敭䌠慨
杲獥琠慨⁴桴⁥楃祴漠⁦慆浲牥⁳牂湡档椠⁳楨瑴湩⁧獵眠瑩⁨潦⁲桷湥眠⁥楤⁤桴⁥慷整⁲楬敮氠睯牥湩獧‮倠敬獡⁥敬⁴敭欠潮⁷潨⁷潹⁵潷汵⁤楬敫琠慨摮敬琠敨敳‮䤠⁦潹⁵慣敧⁴桴浥琠慷癩⁥桴獥⁥敦獥‬牧慥ⱴ戠瑵椠⁦敷渠敥⁤潴瀠祡琠敨Ɑ眠⁥潷汵⁤獡桴瑡琠敨敳映敥⁳敢愠摤摥琠桴獩挠慨杮⁥牯敤⹲਍਍桔湡獫愠慧湩਍਍ഠഊ䄊摮⁹਍਍ഠഊ䄊摮敲⁷⹄丠牯൤ഊ上牯桴吠硥獡䌠湯牴捡楴杮簠䔠瑳浩瑡牯਍਍㤴㤹䬠汥敬⁲
慈汳瑥删⹤਍਍敋汬牥‬塔㜠㈶㠴਍਍ഠഊ倊潨敮›㠠㜱㐮〳㤮〵രഊ䘊硡›㠠㜱㐮〳㤮〲ഷഊ䌊汥㩬†ㄸ⸷ㄸ⸹ㄴ㜱਍਍ഠഊ⨊⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪പ吊楨⁳ⵥ慭汩愠摮愠祮映汩獥漠⁲瑡慴档敭瑮⁳牴湡浳瑩整⁤楷桴椠⁴潣瑮楡൮ 湉潦浲瑡潩桴瑡椠⁳潣普摩湥楴污愠摮瀠楲楶敬敧⹤吠楨⁳潤畣敭瑮洠祡ഠ挊湯慴湩倠潲整瑣摥䠠慥瑬⁨湉潦浲瑡潩倨䥈
牯漠桴牥椠普牯慭楴湯琠慨⁴獩ഠ椊瑮湥敤⁤
湯祬映牯琠敨甠敳漠⁦桴⁥湩楤楶畤污猨
湡⁤湥楴祴椨獥
潴眠潨瑩ഠ椊⁳摡牤獥敳⹤䤠⁦潹⁵牡⁥桴⁥湩整摮摥爠捥灩敩瑮‬畦瑲敨⁲楤捳潬畳敲⁳牡⁥਍牰桯扩瑩摥眠瑩潨瑵瀠潲数⁲畡桴牯穩瑡潩⹮䤠⁦潹⁵牡⁥潮⁴桴⁥湩整摮摥ഠ爊捥灩敩瑮‬湡⁹楤捳潬畳敲‬潣祰湩Ⱨ瀠楲瑮湩Ⱨ漠⁲獵⁥景琠楨⁳湩潦浲瑡潩獩ഠ猊牴捩汴⁹牰桯扩瑩摥愠摮瀠獯楳汢⁹⁡楶汯瑡潩景映摥牥污漠⁲瑳瑡⁥慬⁷湡⁤਍敲畧慬楴湯⹳䤠⁦潹⁵慨敶爠捥楥敶
⁤桴獩椠普牯慭楴湯椠牥潲Ⱳ瀠敬獡⁥敤敬整ഠ椊⁴湡⁤潮楴祦䠠浡摩䬠慨敬桧灩畯⁲瑡㤠㈷㐭〵㈭㘸‸浩敭楤瑡汥⹹吠慨歮礠畯മഊ⨊⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪പ⨊⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪പ吊楨⁳ⵥ慭汩愠摮愠祮映汩獥漠⁲瑡慴档敭瑮⁳牴湡浳瑩整⁤楷桴椠⁴潣瑮楡൮ 湉潦浲瑡潩桴瑡椠⁳潣普摩湥楴污愠摮瀠楲楶敬敧⹤吠楨⁳潤畣敭瑮洠祡ഠ挊湯慴湩倠潲整
瑣摥䠠慥瑬⁨湉潦浲瑡潩倨䥈
牯漠桴牥椠普牯慭楴湯琠慨⁴獩ഠ椊瑮湥敤⁤湯祬映牯琠敨甠敳漠⁦桴⁥湩楤楶畤污猨
湡⁤湥楴祴椨獥
潴眠潨瑩ഠ椊⁳摡牤獥敳⹤䤠⁦潹⁵牡⁥桴⁥湩整摮摥爠捥灩敩瑮‬畦瑲敨⁲楤捳潬畳敲⁳牡⁥਍牰桯扩瑩摥眠瑩潨瑵瀠潲数⁲畡桴牯穩瑡潩⹮䤠⁦潹⁵牡⁥潮⁴桴⁥湩整摮摥ഠ爊捥灩敩瑮‬湡⁹楤捳潬畳敲‬潣祰湩Ⱨ瀠楲瑮湩Ⱨ漠⁲獵⁥景琠楨⁳湩潦浲瑡潩獩ഠ猊牴捩汴⁹牰桯扩瑩摥愠摮瀠獯楳汢⁹⁡楶
汯瑡潩景映摥牥污漠⁲瑳瑡⁥慬⁷湡⁤਍敲畧慬楴湯⹳䤠⁦潹⁵慨敶爠捥楥敶⁤桴獩椠普牯慭楴湯椠牥潲Ⱳ瀠敬獡⁥敤敬整ഠ椊⁴湡⁤潮楴祦䠠浡摩䬠慨敬桧灩畯⁲瑡㤠㈷㐭〵㈭㘸‸浩敭楤瑡汥⹹吠慨歮礠畯മഊ⨊⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪⨪പ